Ancient Egypt 1922 Part 1

Part 1 of the 1922 Ancient Egypt books. Contents include the tree of the Herakleopolite Nome, the sarcophagus of Pa-Ramessu, and knots.https://knowledge.e.southern.edu/kweeks_coll/1018/thumbnail.jp

Ancient Egypt 1923 Part 3

Part 3 of the 1923 Ancient Egypt books. Contents include types of early scarabs, the Ka in Egypt and Arabia, supports of Pylon flagstaves, Pithom and Raamses, and current fallacies about history.https://knowledge.e.southern.edu/kweeks_coll/1024/thumbnail.jp

Ancient Egypt 1922 Part 4

Part 4 of the 1922 Ancient Egypt books. Contents include the Shellal mosaic, Old World cubit in America, the Constantinople obelisk, the rise of prices in Egypt, dualism in African religions, and Egyptian mathematics.https://knowledge.e.southern.edu/kweeks_coll/1021/thumbnail.jp

Ancient Egypt 1920 Part 4

Part 4 of the 1920 Ancient Egypt books. Contents include Coptic twists and plaits, the sphinxes of Tanis, Alexandrian world maps, passages of Aleppo Citadel, and Kheker friezes.https://knowledge.e.southern.edu/kweeks_coll/1013/thumbnail.jp

Ancient Egypt 1923 Part 2

Part 2 of the 1923 Ancient Egypt books. Contents include the tomb at Byblos, a tomb with Aramaic inscriptions, the British school at Qau, the magic skin, Apries and the possibility of royal blood, and obelisks at Pylon VII.https://knowledge.e.southern.edu/kweeks_coll/1023/thumbnail.jp

Wide-field two-dimensional multifocal optical-resolution photoacoustic-computed microscopy

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) is an emerging technique that directly images optical absorption in tissue at high spatial resolution. To date, the majority of OR-PAM systems are based on single-focused optical excitation and ultrasonic detection, limiting the wide-field imaging speed. While 1D multifocal OR-PAM (1D-MFOR-PAM) has been developed, the potential of microlens and transducer arrays has not been fully realized. Here we present the development of 2D multifocal optical-resolution photoacoustic-computed microscopy (2D-MFOR-PACM), using a 2D microlens array and a full-ring ultrasonic transducer array. The 10 mm×10 mm microlens array generates 1800 optical foci within the focal plane of the 512-element transducer array, and raster scanning the microlens array yields optical-resolution photoacoustic images. The system has improved the in-plane resolution of a full-ring transducer array from ≥100 to 29 μm and achieved an imaging time of 36 s over a 10  mm×10  mm field of view. In comparison, the 1D-MFOR-PAM would take more than 4 min to image over the same field of view. The imaging capability of the system was demonstrated on phantoms and animals both ex vivo and in vivo

Valproic acid enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy by protecting normal hippocampal neurons and sensitizing malignant glioblastoma cells

Neurocognitive deficits are serious sequelae that follow cranial irradiation used to treat patients with medulloblastoma and other brain neoplasms. Cranial irradiation causes apoptosis in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus leading to cognitive deficits. Valproic acid (VPA) treatment protected hippocampal neurons from radiation-induced damage in both cell culture and animal models. Radioprotection was observed in VPA-treated neuronal cells compared to cells treated with radiation alone. This protection is specific to normal neuronal cells and did not extend to cancer cells. In fact, VPA acted as a radiosensitizer in brain cancer cells. VPA treatment induced cell cycle arrest in cancer cells but not in normal neuronal cells. The level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was increased and the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was reduced in VPA treated normal cells. VPA inhibited the activities of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), the latter of which is only inhibited in normal cells. The combination of VPA and radiation was most effective in inhibiting tumor growth in heterotopic brain tumor models. An intracranial orthotopic glioma tumor model was used to evaluate tumor growth by using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE MRI) and mouse survival following treatment with VPA and radiation. VPA, in combination with radiation, significantly delayed tumor growth and improved mouse survival. Overall, VPA protects normal hippocampal neurons and not cancer cells from radiation-induced cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. VPA treatment has the potential for attenuating neurocognitive deficits associated with cranial irradiation while enhancing the efficiency of glioma radiotherapy

Distinguishing tumor admixed in a radiation necrosis (RN) background: 1H and 2H MR with a novel mouse brain-tumor/RN model

PURPOSE: Distinguishing radiation necrosis (RN) from recurrent tumor remains a vexing clinical problem with important health-care consequences for neuro-oncology patients. Here, mouse models of pure tumor, pure RN, and admixed RN/tumor are employed to evaluate hydrogen ( MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pipeline of common quantitative RESULTS: Differences in quantitative CONCLUSIONS: These findings, employing a pipeline of quantitativ